| Version du 4 juillet 2019 à 07:49 | Version actuelle | ||
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| *Entitlement and the Famine | *Entitlement and the Famine | ||
| *Silence during the Great Irish Famine | *Silence during the Great Irish Famine | ||
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| + | ===Home Rule (1870-1914)=== | ||
| + | * The Home Rule debate and party politics (1870-1914) | ||
| + | * Home Rule and conciliation (1870-1914) | ||
| + | * Home rule and the crisis of the Liberal Party from 1870 to 1914 | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "[W]hile the Irish enjoyed less freedom they were likely, despite the modesty of their immediate claims, in the long run to demand more than their colonial contemporaries. Even their constitutional leaders talked not of concessions to be granted but of rights to be acknowledged. They deemed themselves to be the spokesmen not of colonists but of an ancient people." Nicolas Mansergh, ''The Commonwealth Experience'', London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1969, p. 196.4 | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "In an era when so many in Ireland remained thoroughly ‘disaffected’ from the British polity, Irish nationalism was shaped by the evolution of the widening British imperial sphere and by Irish responses to it." Paul A. Townend, ''The Road to Home Rule. Anti-imperialism and the Irish National Movement'', Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 2016, p. 8 | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "The alliance between Liberalism and the Home Rule movement which was formulated in 1886, and which lasted virtually until 1918, was perhaps a likely, but never an automatic denouement to the politicking of the early 1880s." Alvin Jackson, ''Home Rule. An Irish History 1800-2000'', London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003, p. 58. | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "Gladstone was a pragmatist who was convinced that the extension of responsible government to Ireland would strengthen rather than weaken the empire. He was equally determined to relieve the over-burdened Westminster Parliament and thus strengthen it for its imperial tasks." John Kendle, | ||
| + | ''Ireland and the Federal Solution. The Debate over the United Kingdom Constitution, 1870-1921'', Kingston & Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1989, p. 41. | ||
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| ===Locke=== | ===Locke=== | ||
| * La force de l'habitude dans ''Some Thoughts Concerning Education'' | * La force de l'habitude dans ''Some Thoughts Concerning Education'' | ||
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| * Compromise in antislavery and abolitionist writings and arguments from 1776 to 1865 | * Compromise in antislavery and abolitionist writings and arguments from 1776 to 1865 | ||
| * Unity and division | * Unity and division | ||
| + | * Blood in antislavery and abolitionist writings and arguments from 1776 to 1865 | ||
| + | * Principles and pragmatism | ||
| * Discuss the following statement: “Abolitionism was born with the American republic. It did not fade until the nation’s near-death experience of the Civil War. Yet while abolitionists worked consistently to destroy slavery and racial injustice in these years, their strategy and tactics constantly evolved. The era between the American Revolution and the 1830s was the first great period of transformation. What began as an elite abolitionist movement in Pennsylvania during the post Revolutionary period yielded to an egalitarian movement based in Massachusetts during the early 1830s.” Richard S. Newman, ''The Transformation of American Abolitionism: Fighting Slavery in the Early Republic'', Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 2002, p. 2. | * Discuss the following statement: “Abolitionism was born with the American republic. It did not fade until the nation’s near-death experience of the Civil War. Yet while abolitionists worked consistently to destroy slavery and racial injustice in these years, their strategy and tactics constantly evolved. The era between the American Revolution and the 1830s was the first great period of transformation. What began as an elite abolitionist movement in Pennsylvania during the post Revolutionary period yielded to an egalitarian movement based in Massachusetts during the early 1830s.” Richard S. Newman, ''The Transformation of American Abolitionism: Fighting Slavery in the Early Republic'', Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 2002, p. 2. | ||
| * Discuss the following statement: “Black abolitionism existed as a distinct phenomenon in the years before the Civil War, with its own institutions and concerns. African Americans made antiracism, at a programmatic as well as intellectual level, an essential part of the abolitionist project. They remained instrumental in developing movement strategy and ideology, taking on the burden of redefining the white man's democracy.” Manisha Sinha, ''The Slave's Cause: A History of Abolition'' , New Haven: Yale University Press, 2016, p. 338. | * Discuss the following statement: “Black abolitionism existed as a distinct phenomenon in the years before the Civil War, with its own institutions and concerns. African Americans made antiracism, at a programmatic as well as intellectual level, an essential part of the abolitionist project. They remained instrumental in developing movement strategy and ideology, taking on the burden of redefining the white man's democracy.” Manisha Sinha, ''The Slave's Cause: A History of Abolition'' , New Haven: Yale University Press, 2016, p. 338. | ||
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| * Discuss the following statement: “The great debate among American abolitionists prior to the Civil War centered upon the question of the proper method of ending slavery. How was a movement with negligible support outside of the northern states to abolish an institution that existed in the southern states?” Stanley C. Harrold, Jr., “The Southern Strategy of the Liberty Party,” in John R. McKivigan, ''Abolitionism and American Politics and Government'', New York: Garland Publishing, 1999, p. 33. | * Discuss the following statement: “The great debate among American abolitionists prior to the Civil War centered upon the question of the proper method of ending slavery. How was a movement with negligible support outside of the northern states to abolish an institution that existed in the southern states?” Stanley C. Harrold, Jr., “The Southern Strategy of the Liberty Party,” in John R. McKivigan, ''Abolitionism and American Politics and Government'', New York: Garland Publishing, 1999, p. 33. | ||
| * Discuss the following statement: “The abolitionist crusade began during the first administration of Andrew Jackson with a declaration of holy war against slavery, and it ended nearly thirty-five years later when Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation.” John L. Thomas, “The Abolitionist Crusade,” in ''Slavery Attacked: the Abolitionist Crusade'', Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1965, p. 1. | * Discuss the following statement: “The abolitionist crusade began during the first administration of Andrew Jackson with a declaration of holy war against slavery, and it ended nearly thirty-five years later when Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation.” John L. Thomas, “The Abolitionist Crusade,” in ''Slavery Attacked: the Abolitionist Crusade'', Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1965, p. 1. | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: " 'Abolitionism' is a more specific term than 'antislavery,' and no doubt it should be confined to the doctrine that slavery must be abolished, as opposed to the argue [...] for a greater flexibility of language, which would recognize that abolitionists thought of themselves as 'antislavery people,' and which would draw distinctions according to historical context, rather than relying on abstract and changeless categories." David Brion Davis, "Antislavery or Abolition?", ''Reviews in American History'', volume 1, n° 1, 1973, p. 97-98. | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "All abolitionists were radicals when it came to slavery and race." Manisha Sinha, ''The Slave’s Cause: A History of Abolition'', New Haven: Yale University Press, 2016, p. 256. | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "Abolitionism was a religious movement, emerging from the ferment of evangelical Protestantism, psychologically akin to other reforms — women’s rights, temperance, and pacifism — which agitated the spirits of the Northern middle classes during the three decades before the Civil War. Its philosophy was essentially a theology, its technique similar to the techniques of revivalism, its agencies the church congregations of the towns." Richard Hofstadter, ''The American Political Tradition: And the Men Who Made It'', New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1948, p. 142. | ||
| ===Construction de l'Ouest américain (1865-1895) dans le cinéma hollywoodien=== | ===Construction de l'Ouest américain (1865-1895) dans le cinéma hollywoodien=== | ||
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| * Regeneration through violence in Hollywood Westerns | * Regeneration through violence in Hollywood Westerns | ||
| * American Wars and the Western | * American Wars and the Western | ||
| + | * Manifest Destiny in Hollywood westerns | ||
| + | * The West: a land of opportunity? | ||
| * Discuss the following statement: "“The Western’s Indian does not stand in the way of American progress so much as he stands in the way of the coming-to-be of the American.” Armando J. Prats, ''Invisible Natives: Myth and Identity in the American Western'', Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2002, p. 10. | * Discuss the following statement: "“The Western’s Indian does not stand in the way of American progress so much as he stands in the way of the coming-to-be of the American.” Armando J. Prats, ''Invisible Natives: Myth and Identity in the American Western'', Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2002, p. 10. | ||
| * Discuss the following statement: “[S]ince the Western offers itself as a myth of American origins, it implies that its violence is an essential and necessary part of the process through which American society was established and through which its democratic values are defended and enforced.” Richard Slotkin, ''Gunfighter Nation: The Myth of the Frontier in Twentieth-Century America'' [1992], Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998, p. 352. | * Discuss the following statement: “[S]ince the Western offers itself as a myth of American origins, it implies that its violence is an essential and necessary part of the process through which American society was established and through which its democratic values are defended and enforced.” Richard Slotkin, ''Gunfighter Nation: The Myth of the Frontier in Twentieth-Century America'' [1992], Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998, p. 352. | ||
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| * Discuss the following statement: “It seems to me that the cattle town experience points toward a remarkable truth: despite all the mythologizing, violent fatalities in the Old West tended to be rare rather than common. Does that mean it was a wholesome tranquil place? Probably not. But it was clearly a safer – and one heck of a lot saner – West than ever dreamt of in our national imagination.” Robert R. Dykstra, “Field Notes: Overdosing on Dodge City,” ''Western Historical Quarterly'', 27, Winter 1996, in Clyde A. Milner II, Anne M. Butler & David Rich Lewis, ''Major Problems in the History of the American West: Documents and Essays'', New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1997, p. 221. | * Discuss the following statement: “It seems to me that the cattle town experience points toward a remarkable truth: despite all the mythologizing, violent fatalities in the Old West tended to be rare rather than common. Does that mean it was a wholesome tranquil place? Probably not. But it was clearly a safer – and one heck of a lot saner – West than ever dreamt of in our national imagination.” Robert R. Dykstra, “Field Notes: Overdosing on Dodge City,” ''Western Historical Quarterly'', 27, Winter 1996, in Clyde A. Milner II, Anne M. Butler & David Rich Lewis, ''Major Problems in the History of the American West: Documents and Essays'', New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1997, p. 221. | ||
| * Discuss the following statement: ‘Trying to grasp the enormous human complexity of the American West is not easy under any circumstances, and the effort to reduce a tangle of many-sided encounters to a world defined by a frontier line only makes a tough task even tougher.’ (Patricia Nelson Limerick, ‘The Adventures of the Frontier in the Twentieth Century’, in James R. Grossman (ed.), ''The Frontier in American Culture'', Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1994, p. 73.) | * Discuss the following statement: ‘Trying to grasp the enormous human complexity of the American West is not easy under any circumstances, and the effort to reduce a tangle of many-sided encounters to a world defined by a frontier line only makes a tough task even tougher.’ (Patricia Nelson Limerick, ‘The Adventures of the Frontier in the Twentieth Century’, in James R. Grossman (ed.), ''The Frontier in American Culture'', Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1994, p. 73.) | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "If [the western] has always been a revisionist genre it has not, until relatively recently, wanted to announce itself as such". Alexandra Keller, "Generic Subversion as Counterhistory: Mario Van Peeble's Posse", in Janet Walker (ed.), ''Westerns: Films Through History'', New York: Routledge, 2001, p. 31. | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: The mythic West imagined by Americans has shaped the West of history just as the West of history has helped create the West Americans have imagined." Richard White, ''It's your Misfortune and None of my Own: A New History of the American West'', 1991, p. 616. | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "The Western myth has taken the historical setting and shaped it into a model of the present, which states in concrete images the conceptual conflicts of modern America and resolves them through types of action. The western land, particularly the visual images of its landscape, is an integral part of the understanding and resolution of these conflicts; if the myth is to succeed as a myth, the land must take on these meanings." Will Wright, ''Six-Guns and Society: A Structural Study of the Western'', Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1975, p. 190. | ||
| + | * Discuss the following statement: "... one of the things the Western is always about is America rewriting and reinterpreting her own past, however honestly or dishonestly it may be done.” Philip French, ''Westerns: Aspects of a Movie Genre and Western Revisited'', Manchester: Carcanet, revised and expanded edition 2005 [1973], p. 13. | ||
| ===Contre-culture=== | ===Contre-culture=== | ||
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Agrégation Externe : annales des sujets de leçon de civilisation
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